Microstrip antenna is a common small-sized antenna, consisting of a metal patch, a substrate and a ground plane.

Its structure is as follows:

Metal patches: Metal patches are usually made of conductive materials, such as copper, aluminum, etc. Its shape can be rectangular, round, oval or other shapes, and the size can be adjusted as needed. The geometry and size of the patch determine the frequency response and radiation characteristics of the antenna.
Substrate: The substrate is the support structure of the patch antenna and is usually made of a material with a lower dielectric constant, such as FR-4 fiberglass composite. The thickness and dielectric constant of the substrate determine the resonant frequency and impedance matching of the antenna.
Ground plane: The ground plane is located on the other side of the base and forms the radiation structure of the antenna with the patch. It is a large metal surface that is usually mounted underneath a base. The size of the ground plane and the spacing between the ground planes also affect the performance of the antenna.

Microstrip antennas can be used in the following ways：

Wireless communication systems: Microstrip antennas are widely used in wireless communication systems, such as mobile communications (mobile phones, wireless LAN), Bluetooth, Internet of Things and other applications.
Radar systems: Microstrip antennas are widely used in radar systems, including civilian radars (such as traffic monitoring) and military radars (such as early warning systems, target tracking, etc.).
Satellite communications: Microstrip antennas are used in ground terminal equipment for satellite communications, such as satellite TV, Internet satellite communications, etc.
Aerospace field: Microstrip antennas are used in avionics equipment, navigation equipment and communication equipment, such as communication antennas and satellite navigation receivers on aircraft.
Automotive communication systems: Microstrip antennas are used in vehicle wireless communication systems, such as car phones, Internet of Vehicles, etc.